Diabetes
is the condition in which the body does not properly process food and take in
use of energy from food supplements. Most of the food we eat is turned into
glucose, or sugar, for our body to use energy. The pancreas and the other
organs that lay near the stomach makes a hormone called insulin to help glucose
get into the cells of our bodies. When you have diabetes, your body either
doesn't make enough insulin or can't use its own insulin as well it could have
been. This causes the sugar to build up in your blood. That is why diabetes is
known as the ''increment in the sugar level of the body" as to understand
in a simpler way.
Symptoms
of diabetes
•
Frequent urination
• Excessive thirst
• Unexplained weight loss
• Extreme hunger
• Sudden vision changes
• Tingling or numbness in hands or feet
• Felling tired all the time
• Very dry skin
• More infections than usual
• Excessive thirst
• Unexplained weight loss
• Extreme hunger
• Sudden vision changes
• Tingling or numbness in hands or feet
• Felling tired all the time
• Very dry skin
• More infections than usual
Types
of Diabetes
Type
1 diabetes is usually diagnosed in children and young adults and only accounts
to 5% to 10% of diabetes patients. In this type, the pancreas doesn't make any
insulin at all
Type
2 diabetes is the most common form of the disease. It accounts for 90% to 95%
of all the cases of diabetes. In this, either your bodies don't make enough of
the insulin or the cells in the body ignore the insulin. So they can't utilize
glucose liked they are supposed to. When your cells ignore insulin, it is often
referred to insulin resistance. This type can cause problems for mother and
babies and usually disappear when the pregnancy is over. Other types of
diabetes resulting from specific genetic syndromes like surgery, drugs,
malnutrition, and others illness factors contributing to 1% to 2 % of diabetes.
Causes
of Diabetes
Type
1 diabetes is an autoimmune disorder. It is believed that a combination of
genetic predisposition and additional factors provoke the immune system into
attacking and killing the insulin-producing cell in the pancreas.
Type
2 diabetes is mainly caused by insulin resistance. This means no matter how
much or how little insulin is made, the body can't use it in suitable quantity.
As a result, glucose can't be moved from the blood into the cells. The excess
sugar in the blood gradually poisons the pancreas causing it to make less
insulin and making it even more difficult to keep blood glucose under control.
Side
effects to other parts
Diabetes
is the major cause of heart disease, one of the leading cause of death in
different countries too. It is also the biggest cause of blindness and kidney
failure in adults. People with diabetes are observed with high blood pressure
Diagnosis
Diabetes
can be diagnosed with simple blood tests. Diabetes may be diagnosed if the
level of the sugar in your blood after 8 hours of fastening is 7.00 mmol/L or
higher. If your fasting blood sugar is between 6.1 mmol/L and 6.9 mmol/L then
you may have a condition known as impaired fasting glucose, which may further lead
to diabetes.
How
to treat diabetes?
There
are several things you need to do to help control your diabetes. For type 1
diabetes, healthy eating, physical activity, and insulin injection are basic
therapies. The amount of insulin should be balanced with the food intake and
daily activities. The monitoring is done by the blood glucose levels and must
be closer to blood glucose testing.
For
type 2 diabetes, healthy eating, physical activity, and blood glucose testing
are the basic therapies. In addition, many people with type 2 diabetes require
oral medication, Insulin, or both to control their blood glucose levels. The
sum of all can be said as inside the cells of the blood, your blood sugar
levels will drop back to normal.
Controlling
diabetes by therapies
There
are a lot of management measures for diabetes control. It chiefly includes
nutrition therapy, exercise therapy, oral anti-glycerin agent, Insulin treatment
etc. Nutritional therapy is effective among these days for diabetes control. It
includes:
•
Fiber rich diet
• Restrict sodium intake
• Include whole grains and pulses
• For lunch and dinner, half of the plate to be filled with non-starchy vegetables.
• Protein rich diet should be encouraged
• Restrict sodium intake
• Include whole grains and pulses
• For lunch and dinner, half of the plate to be filled with non-starchy vegetables.
• Protein rich diet should be encouraged
Lastly,
to come up with diabetes field, one should regularly carry out regular
exercises, strict drug regime, periodic screening etc, should be done to
control diabetes if monitored and maintained in a very appropriate way, it
could be effectively controlled.